Let me correct you: in the PC also, you have to write an app specialy for multi-core, otherwise it won't benefit.
The diference is that the operating systems, in the PC, divide the processes of diferent programs between the multiple cores to balance it, and, as the PC have a LOT of programs running at once, it can benefit by dividing the cores between those apps.
In a enbeded system, that runs very few applications at once - Dingux, for example, even closes the gmenu when you open an app, to lower cpu and memory usage, there are no big advantages at start. But as systems that run on mobile becomes more complex, like Android for instance, and have more apps running at same time, using multiple cores make more sense.
So, to resume, if you want ONE APP to take advantage of multiple cores, you have to write it with some sorte of multi-core library, such as the classic MPI, no matter if in the PC or in a small ARM device.