I know this topic is old, but I do have something of value to add.
Most USB ports are set up to supply 5V DC at 500mA (as this is the standard); the adapter used to power the GCW-Zero supplies 5V DC at 2A (2000mA). So, it theoretically will take 4 times longer to charge off a standard USB port as it will off the included adapter.
That being said, there are extensions to the standard, allowing up to 2A to be supplied to devices. I have one such charger, and will try charging to see what happens.
As far as damaging USB ports, there is that possibility; but the devices usually negotiate capabilities before they start drawing power.